Muzzle Energy Calculator
Kinetic energy, power factor, and momentum from bullet weight and velocity.
How it works
Muzzle energy is the kinetic energy a bullet carries as it leaves the barrel — a common way to compare the potency of loads and cartridges. Enter the bullet weight in grains and the velocity in feet per second and the calculator returns energy in foot-pounds and joules, plus the competition 'power factor' and momentum.
Energy isn't the whole story — bullet construction, shot placement, and penetration matter enormously for terminal effect — but it's a useful, objective number for comparison. Hunters use it to confirm a load meets minimum energy guidelines for their game at a given range, and competitors use power factor to make division floors. Pair this with the recoil and caliber-comparison tools for the full picture.
Educational estimates only — always verify zero and data by shooting, and follow all safety rules.